中文摘要

摘  要：我本次设计的课题为多层框架教学楼。为六层框架结构，建筑总高度22.5m，建筑面积约5000m2。通过对该幢建筑的建筑、结构设计，熟悉了单体建筑的前期准备、设计、施工全过程，绘制了建筑、结构设计图纸，本计算书详细介绍了此教学楼的建筑、结构设计的全过程。设计分为建筑设计阶段和结构设计阶段两部分。

一、建筑设计阶段

在建筑设计阶段，通收集各种优秀的设计方案，同时对相关建筑物的实地考察，形成一定的设计概念，在对相关规范认真学习的基础之上进行初步建筑方案设计，在图纸上绘制总平面图、各层平面图、主要立面图、主要剖面图的草图。在专业老师指导下，进行反复修改，并最终在计算机上绘制详图，达到正确美观的效果。

二、结构设计阶段

在结构设计阶段，可以采用力矩分配法和分层法对竖向荷载作用下的框架结构进行内力计算；在水平荷载作用下的内力计算可采用D值法，用电算进行计算，手算校核；为了减少框架结点外的钢筋拥挤，方便施工，根据框架结构延性设计原则，可采用弯矩调幅法人为的减少梁端负弯矩。

关键词： 教学楼  建筑物  结构  框架结构  建筑设计  结构设计  水平荷载  纵向荷载

Abstract

Abstract：My this design topic for multi-layered frame classroom building. For six portal frame constructions, construction gross altitude 22.5m, floor space approximately 5000m2. Through to this building's construction, the structural design, was familiar with the monomer construction earlier period preparation, the design, to construct the entire process, has drawn up the construction, the structural design blueprint, this account book introduced this classroom building construction, the structural design entire process in detail. The design divides into the architectural design stage and the structural design stage two parts.

one, architectural design stage in the architectural design stage, passes collects each kind of outstanding design proposal, simultaneously to is related the building on-the-spot investigation, forms certain design concept, in studies earnestly to the related standard above the foundation carries on the preliminary construction project design, draws up the general layout, each horizontal plan, the main elevation, the main sectional drawing schematic diagram on the blueprint. Under the specialized teacher guide, carries on revises repeatedly, and draws up the detail finally on the computer, achieves the correct artistic effect。

two, structural design stage in the structural design stage, may use the moment of force method of distribution and the delamination carries on the endogenic force computation to under the vertical load function portal frame construction; May use the D value law under the horizontal load function's endogenic force computation, uses electricity calculates carries on the computation, the hand calculates the examination; In order to reduce outside the frame point the steel bar to be crowded, facilitates the construction, according to the portal frame construction ductility principle of design, may use the bending moment amplitude modulation legal person for reduces the Liang end hogging moment. 

Key Words: the office building ；construction ；frame ；frame structure；building design； the structure calculation； horizontal lotus to carry； lengthways the lotus carry.

目  录

绪论……………………………………………………………………………………………1

设计总说明………………………………………………………………………………2

结构计算 ……………………………………………………………………………………7

1  设计资料…………………………………………………………………………………7

1.1 工程名称…………………………………………………………………………………7

1.2 工程概况…………………………………………………………………………………7

1.3 设计资料…………………………………………………………………………………7

2  结构布置及结构计算简图………………………………………………………………8

2.1 柱网布置…………………………………………………………………………………8

2.2 计算单元选取……………………………………………………………………………8

2.3 梁柱截面尺寸的确定……………………………………………………………………10

2.4 板厚的确定………………………………………………………………………………11

3  恒载计算…………………………………………………………………………………12

3.1 屋面荷载标准值…………………………………………………………………………12

3.2 楼面荷载标准值…………………………………………………………………………12

3.3 框架梁柱荷载标准值…………………………………………………………………12

3.4 填充墙荷载标准值………………………………………………………………………13

3.5 门窗荷载标准值…………………………………………………………………………13

3.6楼梯荷载标准值…………………………………………………………………13

4  活载计算 ………………………………………………………………………………14

5  楼层荷载汇总 …………………………………………………………………………14

5.1 顶层荷载…………………………………………………………………………………14

5.2五层荷载 ……………………………………………………………………………15

5.3 二～四层荷载……………………………………………………………………………16

5.4 一层荷载…………………………………………………………………………………16

6  地震作用………………………………………………………………………………19

6.1 横向框架侧移刚度计算…………………………………………………………………19

6.2 横向框架自振周期计算…………………………………………………………………22

6.3 横向框架水平地震作用…………………………………………………………………22

6.4 变形验算…………………………………………………………………………………23

6.5 横向框架②轴柱端弯矩计算……………………………………………………………26

6.6 地震作用下的内力分析…………………………………………………………………26

7  横向框架在风荷载作用下的内力分析………………………………………………31

7.1 横向框架在风荷载作用下的水平位移验算……………………………………………33

7.2 横向框架在风荷载作用下的内力计算…………………………………………………34

8  竖向荷载作用下横向框架的内力计算………………………………………………39

8.1 计算单元…………………………………………………………………………………39

8.2 荷载计算…………………………………………………………………………………40

8.3 各层结点弯矩计算……………………………………………………………………42

8.4 梁柱线刚度比 …………………………………………………………………………44

8.5 横向框架的弯矩用二次分配法进行弯矩分配 ………………………………………46

9  横向框架的内力组合  ………………………………………………………………57

9.1 弯矩调幅…………………………………………………………………………………57

9.2 内力组合…………………………………………………………………………………60

10 截面设计………………………………………………………………………………61

10.1 框架梁…………………………………………………………………………………61

10.2 框架柱…………………………………………………………………………………68

10.3 现浇板…………………………………………………………………………………77

10.4 次梁……………………………………………………………………………………82

11  楼梯设计………………………………………………………………………………84

11.1 楼梯板计算……………………………………………………………………………84

11.2 平台板计算……………………………………………………………………………85

11.3 平台梁计算……………………………………………………………………………85

12  地基基础设计…………………………………………………………………………86

12.1 地基变形验算…………………………………………………………………………86

12.2 柱下基础设计……………………………………………………………………87

12.3 地基地基梁计算………………………………………………………………………94

结论…………………………………………………………………………………………96致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………97主要参考文献………………………………………………………………………………98

附表1梁的内力组合…………………………………………………………………………99

附表2柱的内力组合………………………………………………………………………100

附表3梁柱结点弯矩调整………………………………………………………………102

附表4柱端剪力调整……………………………………………………………………103

附表5调整后横向框架各柱剪力组合………………………………………………104

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